History of PEO ACWA

Legislation subsequently passed by Congress in 2002 (Public Law 107-248) assigned responsibility to the ACWA program manager for the safe destruction of the chemical weapons stockpile in Colorado and Kentucky, to include pilot plant construction, operation, closure and the awarding of all associated contracts, thus dual-tracking the national chemical demilitarization mission between PMCD and ACWA. PMCD would be responsible for destroying 90% of the original stockpile and ACWA, the remaining 10%. ACWA’s expanded mission resulted in a name change from “Assembled Chemical Weapons Assessment” to “Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives” in June 2003.

Late in 2002, ACWA awarded a task-order systems contract to the Bechtel Pueblo Team for the design, construction, systemization, pilot testing, operations and closure of the Pueblo Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant (PCAPP) at the U.S. Army Pueblo Chemical Depot in Pueblo, Colorado. A similar task-order systems contract was awarded to Bechtel Parsons Blue Grass in 2003 for the design, construction, systemization, operations and closure of the Blue Grass Chemical Agent-Destruction Pilot Plant (BGCAPP) at the Blue Grass Army Depot near Richmond, Kentucky.

In 2003, ACWA’s sister organization, PMCD, was redesignated U.S. Army Chemical Materials Agency or CMA. In addition to retaining its responsibility for chemical stockpile destruction at the sites other than Colorado and Kentucky, CMA was given authority over the safe and secure storage of the entire chemical weapons stockpile, to include those weapons stored in Colorado and Kentucky.

On Sept. 18, 2004, ACWA held a groundbreaking open house to celebrate Stage One construction at PCAPP. Soon thereafter, design of processing facilities and Stage One construction were temporarily suspended while the program evaluated cost reduction measures. In March 2005, design and construction of PCAPP officially restarted.

In 2006, BGCAPP broke ground on its chemical demilitarization facility, signaling the start of construction in Kentucky.

In November 2007, ACWA was formally activated as the U.S. Army Element, Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives, a separate reporting activity under U.S. Army Materiel Command. Under this arrangement, ACWA received administrative and logistics support from Army Materiel Command, but the ACWA program manager continued to report directly to the Department of Defense as required by Public Law 105-261.

Effective Oct. 1, 2012, ACWA was redesignated Program Executive Office, Assembled Chemical Weapons Alternatives and administratively reassigned to the U.S. Army Acquisition Support Center. This transition was directed to raise the program’s visibility and obtain necessary support and resources. As mandated by law, the program’s direct reporting connection to the Department of Defense remains unchanged. Also in 2012, PCAPP marked the end of site construction.

In 2013, Explosive Destruction Technologies were selected to augment PCAPP and BGCAPP by destroying problematic chemical munitions stored at the depots. Problematic munitions are those that have leaked in the past and are now overpacked and projectiles whose physical condition does not easily allow for processing by the plants’ automated equipment. The Explosive Destruction System, or EDS, was the Army system selected to destroy approximately 0.2% of the total Pueblo chemical weapons stockpile. Komada LLC, a Colorado Springs-based contractor began construction on the PCAPP EDS site in March 2014. The Static Detonation Chamber, or SDC, was the technology selected to destroy the entire mustard agent stockpile in Kentucky and reject chemical munitions in Colorado. Construction on the Blue Grass SDC began in December 2014.

In June 2014, the PEO ACWA Anniston Field Office was established to ensure that the technical expertise and experience of the staff at the former Anniston Chemical Agent Disposal Facility (ANCDF), as well as the facility’s SDC, is preserved and available to be leveraged during chemical weapons destruction in Colorado and Kentucky. ANCDF, one of seven CMA sites, finished safely eliminating the chemical weapons stockpile at the Anniston Army Depot in September 2011.

On Sept. 7, 2016, main plant operations began at the Pueblo plant, commencing the destruction of the chemical weapons stockpile stored at the U.S. Army Pueblo Chemical Depot in Colorado. The depot originally stored more than 2,600 U.S. tons of weaponized mustard agent. The plant is utilizing neutralization followed by biotreatment as the technology to destroy mustard agent-filled munitions. Additionally, the U.S. Army’s EDS was used during two campaigns from March 2015 to December 2018 and eliminated 951 items resulting in 3.82 U.S. tons of mustard agent being destroyed. In 2018, Static Detonation Chamber technology was selected to destroy problematic mustard agent-filled munitions in Colorado.

In September 2017, the first full year of the pilot testing phase was completed at PCAPP. 253 U.S. tons of mustard agent and 42,897 155mm projectiles were destroyed at the plant. On Sept. 8, 2017, agent destruction operations were paused at PCAPP due to higher than anticipated amounts of solids being washed out of munitions and clogging agent neutralization systems.

On Feb. 15, 2018, PCAPP ordnance technicians reached a plant milestone when the last of more than 28,000 105mm projectiles went through baseline reconfiguration. On June 13, 2018, PCAPP resumed operations. By July, the BGCAPP systemization team turned over more than half of the 59 Blue Grass plant systems to operations. On Nov. 13, 2018, PCAPP staff initiated Integrated Facility Demonstrations. These demonstrations showed the plant operates as designed, which was the final step before the plant moved from pilot testing to full-scale operations in 2019.

In 2019, the Blue Grass SDC began operations on June 7 and assembly of the Pueblo SDC commenced. On Jan. 17, 2020, main plant operations began at the Blue Grass plant. By May 11, 2020, the Blue Grass main plant destroyed all 8-inch projectiles containing GB nerve agent. This marks the completion of the first munitions campaign for the ACWA program. In August, the three Pueblo SDC units completed assembly and began systemization. On Sept. 5, the PCAPP team completed destruction of 300,000 155mm projectiles, marking the end of the first munitions campaign at the Pueblo plant.

For additional program achievements and milestones visit our Program Timeline page.

For questions, visit the PEO ACWA Contact Us page to email or call the Public Affairs Office.